Web development has, for many years, been a lucrative career path for millions of people. Though there’s been a recent downturn in the tech sector, with many companies collectively laying off thousands of workers, there’s still a need for developers—including those who can work as front-end developers.
For those unfamiliar with web development as a discipline, many developers can specialize as either back-end or front-end web developers, while others can practice “full-stack” development, working from front to back. As for what a “front-end web developer” actually does? They work on the part of websites that users actually see, says Dan Martino, the digital director and founder of 914Digital, a New York-based digital media company.
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“Front-end development includes using HTML and CSS, styling websites, and making it look pretty,” he says. Effectively, a front-end developer may receive a website design from a designer, and then make it come to life on the internet—whereas a back-end developer does all the “under the hood” stuff, such as connecting databases and the like, according to Martino.
How much do front-end developers make?
As for how much front-end developers earn, a lot of it has to do with where the specific developer lives and or works. But overall, the average salary for front-end developers in the United States is $102,142, according to data from ZipRecruiter. But it’s important to note that salary, on its own, doesn’t account for a developer’s full compensation.
“For most of these types of roles, people get fairly generous benefits packages, and some type of bonus pay,” says Julia Pollak, Chief economist at ZipRecruiter. So, front-end developers may see significant bonuses—which scale up depending on how senior the developer is—and some may also get stock grants. In all, Pollak says that “looking at job postings will not give you the full figure—adding equity and bonuses can add as much as 50%” of a developer’s salary to their total compensation.
As for where front-end developers are earning the most, ZipRecruiter’s internal data shared with Fortune Education shows that a surprising state—Montana—leads the list with average salaries topping $117,000. It’s followed by New Hampshire, California, Tennessee, and Wisconsin, where front-end developers are all earning more than $113,000 on average.
Cost of living
For developers of all stripes, the cost of living in a given state is something that also must be considered—a relatively high salary can be moot if you’re living in an expensive area. Especially in an era of rising prices, as seen over the past couple of years, taking both earnings and expected expenditures into account can help developers get a sense of how far their salary will take them.
That said, Pollak notes that it’s possible that front-end developers can find high-paying jobs in traditionally low-cost states, often because some industries tend to cluster in certain cities. Examples include credit card companies in South Dakota, or health care companies in Kentucky—both are cheap, relative to states like New York or California, but the companies based there need developers.
As such, there may be opportunities in those states to increase earning and purchasing power.
Front-end developer salary by state
You can find the states with the highest average salaries for front-end developers below. Salary numbers are from ZipRecruiter, and are the averages for each state as calculated between the beginning of 2024 through early May 2024. Each state’s cost of living (COL) index is calculated by the Missouri Economic Research and Information Center (MERIC), which averages indexes from metro areas and cities, and incorporates costs for groceries, housing, utilities, and transportation.
Here are the states with the highest-earning front-end web developers:
| Rank | Location | Avg. salary (as of May 2024) | Cost of living |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Montana | $117,200 | 102.9 |
| 2 | New Hampshire | $114,650 | 114.1 |
| 3 | California | $114,424 | 138.5 |
| 4 | Tennessee | $113,950 | 90.3 |
| 5 | Wisconsin | $113,785 | 95.1 |
| 6 | North Dakota | $113,450 | 94.6 |
| 7 | Washington | $112,100 | 116 |
| 8 | Alaska | $110,200 | 125.2 |
| 9 | New Mexico | $109,400 | 94 |
| 10 | Connecticut | $108,529 | 112.8 |
| 11 | Washington, D.C. | $108,447 | 146.8 |
| 12 | South Carolina | $107,711 | 95.3 |
| 13 | Ohio | $107,644 | 94.7 |
| 14 | Massachusetts | $106,421 | 146.5 |
| 15 | Pennsylvania | $106,098 | 95.6 |
| 16 | Minnesota | $105,373 | 94.1 |
| 17 | Idaho | $103,636 | 98.6 |
| 18 | Missouri | $103,364 | 88.5 |
| 19 | Delaware | $103,080 | 101.1 |
| 20 | New Jersey | $101,378 | 113.9 |
| 21 | Kentucky | $101,369 | 92 |
| 22 | North Carolina | $101,301 | 95.3 |
| 23 | Vermont | $101,125 | 115.3 |
| 24 | Kansas | $100,545 | 87.1 |
| 25 | Alabama | $100,527 | 88.3 |
| 26 | Oklahoma | $100,525 | 86.2 |
| 27 | Wyoming | $100,250 | 92.4 |
| 28 | South Dakota | $100,092 | 92.4 |
| 29 | Colorado | $99,981 | 105.1 |
| 30 | Michigan | $99,732 | 90.6 |
| 31 | Maine | $99,357 | 109.9 |
| 32 | Louisiana | $98,900 | 91 |
| 33 | Nevada | $98,500 | 101 |
| 34 | Rhode Island | $98,388 | 110.7 |
| 35 | Nebraska | $97,854 | 90.9 |
| 36 | West Virginia | $97,669 | 87.7 |
| 37 | Virginia | $97,421 | 101.9 |
| 38 | Iowa | $97,325 | 90.3 |
| 39 | Utah | $96,413 | 103.2 |
| 40 | Arizona | $96,072 | 108.4 |
| 41 | Mississippi | $95,920 | 86.3 |
| 42 | Arkansas | $95,428 | 89 |
| 43 | Georgia | $95,108 | 90.8 |
| 44 | Texas | $94,258 | 92.7 |
| 45 | Illinois | $93,420 | 92.1 |
| 46 | Maryland | $92,185 | 116.5 |
| 47 | Oregon | $92,100 | 114.7 |
| 48 | Indiana | $91,279 | 91 |
| 49 | Florida | $91,082 | 100.7 |
| 50 | Hawaii | No data | 180.3 |
| 51 | New York | No data | 125.9 |
| Front-end developer salary by state | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | |||
| Montana | |||
| $117,200 | |||
| 102.9 | |||
| 2 | |||
| New Hampshire | |||
| $114,650 | |||
| 114.1 | |||
| 3 | |||
| California | |||
| $114,424 | |||
| 138.5 | |||
| 4 | |||
| Tennessee | |||
| $113,950 | |||
| 90.3 | |||
| 5 | |||
| Wisconsin | |||
| $113,785 | |||
| 95.1 | |||
| 6 | |||
| North Dakota | |||
| $113,450 | |||
| 94.6 | |||
| 7 | |||
| Washington | |||
| $112,100 | |||
| 116 | |||
| 8 | |||
| Alaska | |||
| $110,200 | |||
| 125.2 | |||
| 9 | |||
| New Mexico | |||
| $109,400 | |||
| 94 | |||
| 10 | |||
| Connecticut | |||
| $108,529 | |||
| 112.8 | |||
| 11 | |||
| Washington, D.C. | |||
| $108,447 | |||
| 146.8 | |||
| 12 | |||
| South Carolina | |||
| $107,711 | |||
| 95.3 | |||
| 13 | |||
| Ohio | |||
| $107,644 | |||
| 94.7 | |||
| 14 | |||
| Massachusetts | |||
| $106,421 | |||
| 146.5 | |||
| 15 | |||
| Pennsylvania | |||
| $106,098 | |||
| 95.6 | |||
| 16 | |||
| Minnesota | |||
| $105,373 | |||
| 94.1 | |||
| 17 | |||
| Idaho | |||
| $103,636 | |||
| 98.6 | |||
| 18 | |||
| Missouri | |||
| $103,364 | |||
| 88.5 | |||
| 19 | |||
| Delaware | |||
| $103,080 | |||
| 101.1 | |||
| 20 | |||
| New Jersey | |||
| $101,378 | |||
| 113.9 | |||
| 21 | |||
| Kentucky | |||
| $101,369 | |||
| 92 | |||
| 22 | |||
| North Carolina | |||
| $101,301 | |||
| 95.3 | |||
| 23 | |||
| Vermont | |||
| $101,125 | |||
| 115.3 | |||
| 24 | |||
| Kansas | |||
| $100,545 | |||
| 87.1 | |||
| 25 | |||
| Alabama | |||
| $100,527 | |||
| 88.3 | |||
| 26 | |||
| Oklahoma | |||
| $100,525 | |||
| 86.2 | |||
| 27 | |||
| Wyoming | |||
| $100,250 | |||
| 92.4 | |||
| 28 | |||
| South Dakota | |||
| $100,092 | |||
| 92.4 | |||
| 29 | |||
| Colorado | |||
| $99,981 | |||
| 105.1 | |||
| 30 | |||
| Michigan | |||
| $99,732 | |||
| 90.6 | |||
| 31 | |||
| Maine | |||
| $99,357 | |||
| 109.9 | |||
| 32 | |||
| Louisiana | |||
| $98,900 | |||
| 91 | |||
| 33 | |||
| Nevada | |||
| $98,500 | |||
| 101 | |||
| 34 | |||
| Rhode Island | |||
| $98,388 | |||
| 110.7 | |||
| 35 | |||
| Nebraska | |||
| $97,854 | |||
| 90.9 | |||
| 36 | |||
| West Virginia | |||
| $97,669 | |||
| 87.7 | |||
| 37 | |||
| Virginia | |||
| $97,421 | |||
| 101.9 | |||
| 38 | |||
| Iowa | |||
| $97,325 | |||
| 90.3 | |||
| 39 | |||
| Utah | |||
| $96,413 | |||
| 103.2 | |||
| 40 | |||
| Arizona | |||
| $96,072 | |||
| 108.4 | |||
| 41 | |||
| Mississippi | |||
| $95,920 | |||
| 86.3 | |||
| 42 | |||
| Arkansas | |||
| $95,428 | |||
| 89 | |||
| 43 | |||
| Georgia | |||
| $95,108 | |||
| 90.8 | |||
| 44 | |||
| Texas | |||
| $94,258 | |||
| 92.7 | |||
| 45 | |||
| Illinois | |||
| $93,420 | |||
| 92.1 | |||
| 46 | |||
| Maryland | |||
| $92,185 | |||
| 116.5 | |||
| 47 | |||
| Oregon | |||
| $92,100 | |||
| 114.7 | |||
| 48 | |||
| Indiana | |||
| $91,279 | |||
| 91 | |||
| 49 | |||
| Florida | |||
| $91,082 | |||
| 100.7 | |||
| 50 | |||
| Hawaii | |||
| No data | |||
| 180.3 | |||
| 51 | |||
| New York | |||
| No data | |||
| 125.9 | |||
The takeaway
Front-end web development can be a lucrative career path, with average earnings ranging from between $91,000 to upward of $117,000, depending on where a developer lives and works. Though there have been recent rounds of layoffs in the tech sector, web development, overall, is expected to see overall growth in terms of job numbers—growing 16% by 2032, according to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
As the data shows, front-end developers can earn fairly high salaries in every state, with the states where front-end developers earn the most being somewhat surprising, such as Montana and New Hampshire. But it’s also important to keep the total compensation package in mind when looking at earnings—stock grants and bonuses can provide a serious, and somewhat hidden, boost to earnings.
