Topline
A geomagnetic storm watch for Tuesday caused by solar eruptions that occurred over the weekend may cause the Northern Lights to be visible in several northern and Midwestern states this week.
Key Facts
Tuesday night’s aurora has a Kp index of five, meaning there will be more activity as the lights become brighter and “quite pleasing to look at” if weather conditions are optimal, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NOAA announced a G2 geomagnetic storm watch for Tuesday, which may cause the Northern Lights to be visible in many northern and upper Midwest continental U.S. states from Washington to Maine.
The storm was caused by coronal mass ejections, or eruptions of solar material, that left the sun after a solar filament eruption—when cooler regions of the sun are active—occurred early Sunday morning.
Solar activity has been unusually busy in recent months as the sun’s 11-year solar cycle approaches its anticipated peak between late 2024 and early 2026, with sunspots expected to intensify over the next year, and likely triggering more geomagnetic storms.
Where Will The Northern Lights Be Visible Tonight?
Though it’s difficult to predict where the Northern Lights will show up, they may be the most visible Tuesday night in Canada and Alaska, according to NOAA (see image below). However, continental U.S. states within the aurora’s view line include Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine.
What’s The Best Way To See The Northern Lights?
The lights are typically the most active between 10 p.m. and 2 a.m. For the best views of the Northern Lights, the agency advises traveling as close to the poles as possible, avoiding city lights and other light pollution, monitoring weather forecasts for prime viewing conditions and finding a position on a vantage point like a hilltop.
What’s The Best Way To Photograph The Northern Lights?
Smartphone cameras are sensitive enough to pick up the aurora, even when it’s invisible to the naked eye. Visit Iceland, a tourist website for Iceland, where the lights are often visible, advises turning on night mode to best increase smartphone camera exposure.
Key Background
Solar Cycle 25—the cycle the sun goes through around every 11 years—has been the cause of geomagnetic storms that have resulted in recent sightings of the Northern Lights, and NASA predicts it will continue on into next year. Cycle 25 began in Dec. 2019, and it’s estimated it will reach its maximum—when activity is expected to peak—between late 2024 and early 2026. It’s projected to peak with 115 sunspots, which are where geomagnetic storms originate. Although the maximum hasn’t happened yet, the sun’s activity has been busier than scientists anticipated, so it’s possible there will be even more geomagnetic storms leading up to 2026, though it’s difficult to predict exactly when these storms will occur.
Big Number
215.5. That’s how many daily sunspots there were during the month of August, according to the Space Weather Prediction Center. This is the highest monthly sunspot number since Solar Cycle 23 averaged 238.2 spots in 2003.
Tangent
The solar region that launched the solar filament is a new region likely to be named 3820, according to Tamitha Skov, a space weather physicist and professor at Millersville University of Pennsylvania.
